A SANDSTONE FIGURE OF HARIHARA KHMER
Period; Chenla
Architecture Style: Phnom Da
Sold date: December 17, 2024
Sold for €4,160
Introduction
The sandstone figure of Harihara, originating from the Khmer Chenla period, is a remarkable example of early Cambodian sculpture, reflecting the religious and artistic influences of the time. With a height of 63 cm (excluding stand) and 66 cm (including stand), this piece embodies the Phnom Da style, known for its fluid yet powerful depictions of deities.
Harihara: A Fusion of Shiva and Vishnu
Harihara is a composite deity, symbolizing the union of Shiva and Vishnu, two of the most revered gods in Hinduism. In Khmer art, this fusion represents religious harmony and the coexistence of Shaivism and Vaishnavism within early Cambodian society. The left side of the figure is associated with Shiva, often depicted with a matted hairstyle and attributes linked to asceticism, while the right side represents Vishnu, characterized by ornate jewelry and regal attire. This duality conveys the idea of divine balance and cosmic unity.
Artistic Characteristics and Khmer Influence
The figure exhibits a poised and symmetrical stance, a common feature in early Khmer art. The torso is broad and well-defined, while the lower garment, or sampot, is elegantly draped with a central pleated design. The elongated earlobes, indicative of spiritual wisdom, and the high headdress, a defining feature of Phnom Da-style sculptures, further emphasize the deity’s divine nature.
The Phnom Da style, named after the hilltop temple of Phnom Da in southern Cambodia, is among the earliest Khmer sculptural traditions, influenced by Indian Gupta and post-Gupta art. These influences are visible in the figure’s serene facial expression and idealized proportions, reflecting a transition from Indian artistic traditions to a uniquely Khmer aesthetic.
Provenance and Sale
This sandstone figure of Harihara was sold on December 17, 2024, for €4,160, highlighting the continued appreciation for Khmer antiquities in the global art market. Such pieces are not only valuable for their artistic merit but also serve as historical artifacts that provide insight into the cultural and religious dynamics of early Cambodia.
Significance in Khmer History
During the Chenla period (6th–9th century CE), Khmer rulers actively promoted Hinduism, commissioning sculptures and temples dedicated to Shiva and Vishnu. The representation of Harihara suggests an effort to unify different religious factions under a single divine form. This period laid the foundation for the grandeur of the Angkor civilization, which would later produce some of the world’s most celebrated architectural and sculptural masterpieces.
Conclusion
The Harihara sandstone figure is a testament to the sophistication of early Khmer artistry and the deep spiritual traditions that shaped Cambodia’s history. As a fusion of two major Hindu deities, it embodies religious inclusivity, artistic excellence, and cultural heritage. Its presence in the art market today serves as a reminder of Cambodia’s enduring artistic legacy and the importance of preserving such treasures for future generations.
amazing
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